Machine translation of the Portuguese Wikipedia article (November 2026 version).
Natal is the capital of the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Norte, in the Northeast Region of the country. With an area of approximately 167 km², it is the second smallest Brazilian state capital by land area, and it lies 2,227 kilometres from Brasília, the federal capital. With just over 750,000 inhabitants in 2022, it is the most populous municipality in its state, the eighth in the Northeast and the 24th in Brazil. Its metropolitan region, made up of thirteen other municipalities, has more than 1.5 million inhabitants and is the fourth largest urban agglomeration in the Northeast and the nineteenth in Brazil.
Founded on Christmas Day in 1599 on the banks of the Potengi River, which separates the North Zone from the rest of the city, it was occupied by the Dutch between 1633 and 1654, a period in which it was called New Amsterdam. Its growth was slow during its first three centuries. From the 20th century onward, Natal underwent an intense process of modernization, and after the Second World War its population grew at a faster pace, especially in the 1970s and 1980s.
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